Which act authorized $1.5 billion for grants for construction, renovation, and equipment, as well as for the acquisition of health information technology systems?

The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) is the correct choice as it is the legislation that authorized $1.5 billion in grants for various health-related initiatives, including the construction and renovation of facilities as well as funding for health information technology systems. This act, passed in 2009, aimed to stimulate the economy during the financial crisis and included significant investments in healthcare infrastructure and technology to improve the quality and efficiency of care.

The focus of the ARRA on health information technology was part of a broader initiative to promote the meaningful use of electronic health records and improve patient care through technology. This alignment with healthcare priorities and the specific funding allocations make ARRA the answer to the question.

Other options, such as FECA (Federal Employees' Compensation Act), FSMA (Food Safety Modernization Act), and SCHIP (State Children’s Health Insurance Program), are unrelated to the funding for health information technology systems and infrastructure improvements in the same context as the ARRA. Each of these laws serves a different purpose within the healthcare and social service sectors, with no direct connection to the $1.5 billion grant authorization mentioned in the question.